They do not take the –ed ending in the simple past and past participle forms, and their irregular forms need to be memorized. Some of the most common English verbs are irregular. I wore these shoes in the rain, and now they are ruined.A group of tired students left the classroom.This can only happen if the past participle describes a state (tired) and not an action (jumped). Some past participles can be used as adjectives (tired, frustrated, ruined, closed). The Statue of Liberty can be seen from New Jersey.Romeo and Juliet was written by William Shakespeare.This bike was given to me by my parents.The structure of the passive is be + past participle. Past participles are also used in the passive voice. Past perfect: I had never lived in another country before moving to Spain.Present perfect: I have worked for this company since 2010.Past participles are used in the perfect tenses, such as the present perfect and the past perfect:
If a regular verb ends in –y (*but not –ey), change the –y to –i. Regular verbs follow the same pattern in the simple past and the past participle forms.
